History of the Shakespearean Sonnet

It is not known exactly when Shakespeare wrote his sequence of 154 sonnets, but the poems’ language suggests that they originate from the early 1590s. It is believed that Shakespeare was circulating his sonnets amongst his close friends during this period, as clergyman Francis Meres confirmed in 1598 when he wrote: â€Å"†¦the sweete wittie soule of Ouid liues in mellifluous and hony-toungued Shakespeare, witness †¦ his sugred Sonnets among his private friends.† The Shakespearian Sonnet in Print It wasn’t until 1609 that the sonnets first appeared in print in an unauthorized edition by Thomas Thorpe. Most critics agree that Shakespeare’s sonnets were printed without his consent because the 1609 text seems to be based on an incomplete or draft copy of the poems. The text is riddled with errors and some believe that certain sonnets are unfinished.​ Shakespeare almost certainly intended his sonnets for manuscript circulation, which was not uncommon at the time, but exactly how the poems ended up in the hands of Thorpe is still unknown. Who was â€Å"Mr. WH†? The dedication in the frontispiece of the 1609 edition has sparked controversy among Shakespeare historians and has become a key piece of evidence in the authorship debate. It reads: To the only begetterof these ensuing sonnetsMr. W.H. all happiness andthat eternity promised byour ever-lasting poet wisheththe well-wishing adventurerin setting forth.T.T. Although the dedication was written by Thomas Thorpe the publisher, indicated by his initials at the end of the dedication, the identity of the â€Å"begetter† is still unclear. There are three main theories regarding the true identity of â€Å"Mr. W.H.† as follows: â€Å"Mr. W.H.† is a misprint for Shakespeare’s initials. It should read either â€Å"Mr. W.S.† or â€Å"Mr. W.Sh.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mr. W.H.† refers to the person that obtained the manuscript for Thorpeâ€Å"Mr. W.H.† refers to the person that inspired Shakespeare to write the sonnets. Many candidates have been proposed including:William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke to whom Shakespeare later dedicated his First FolioHenry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton to whom Shakespeare had dedicated some of his narrative poems It is important to note that although the true identity of W.H. is of importance to Shakespeare historians, it doesn’t obscure the poetic brilliance of his sonnets. Other Editions In 1640, a publisher called John Benson released a highly inaccurate edition of Shakespeare’s sonnets in which he edited out the young man, replacing â€Å"he† with â€Å"she†. Benson’s revision was considered to be the standard text until 1780 when Edmond Malone returned to the 1690 quarto and re-edited the poems. Scholars soon realized that the first 126 sonnets were originally addressed to a young man, sparking debates about Shakespeare’s sexuality. The nature of the relationship between the two men is highly ambiguous and it is often impossible to tell if Shakespeare is describing platonic love or erotic love.

DNA Interactions Between Proteins Essay - 1029 Words

DNA: Interactions between Proteins Deoxyribonucleic Acid is a molecule that contains the genetic makeup of almost all living organisms. While Deoxyribonucleic Acid, or DNA, has been successfully mapped out, many of its interactions with certain proteins and enzymes have not been fully revealed within the atomic level. The history and mysteries of DNA continue to fascinate biologists and chemists alike. However, we must question, who was the first to discover DNA, and what scientists have done to further enhance our understanding of it? In short, DNA was first isolated by physician Friedrich Miescher in 1869; in 1937, William Astbury became the first person to produce an x-ray diffraction pattern of the DNA molecule. Sixteen years†¦show more content†¦Essentially, adenine may only bind with thymine with two hydrogen bonds, and guanine may only bind with cytosine with three hydrogen bonds. In broader perspective, purines may only bond with pyrimidines. Adenine and guanines are the purines, due to their double ring molecular structure, while thymine and cytosine are the pyrimidines due to there single ring structure. In addition the strands of DNA are connected together between base pairs, through Hydrogen bonding. While each base pair may only bind with its complimentary base pair, it is th e sequence of the base pairs that creates such genetic diversity amongst living organisms around the world. As scientists further investigate the atomic structure and function of DNA, DNA replication is also being further examined. During DNA replication, multiple enzymes, such as DNA Ligase, DNA Helicase, and DNA polymerase assist in unwinding the DNA double strand into single stranded DNA (essentially an unwinding of the DNA in which the hydrogen bonds are broken separating the two strands) which would latter be used as a template for the creation of a new single DNA strand. DNA is thus widely known as the genetic material for almost all living organisms. Although DNA replication is in general understood, its atomic structure and interactions (between DNA and its proteins and enzymes) are not. Hence, we must begin toShow MoreRelatedDescription And Function Of Mutagenesis1345 Words   |  6 PagesSite-directed mutagenesis is a method used to construct amino acid changes in a prote in in order to test the function of a specific amino acid. It is the way to study protein structure and function change the amino acid sequence of a protein by altering the DNA sequence of cloned gene4. A particular amino acid is very important in catalytic activity, ligand binding, protein folding or other function. 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Though there are several different ways that DNA transcription can be controlled, histone deacetylation is the one focused on in the Vershon lab. DNA, which has a negativeRead MoreTuberculosis : An Infectious Disease Of Particular Interest Essay757 Words   |  4 Pagesof a protein that interacts with the EccA1, another virulence factor mains unknown. (W1 Mycobacterium Secretion: Background Information† 2005) The overall objective of the project is to identify the proteins that interact with EccA1 using a yeast two-hybrid assay test and to characterize the particular regions of the proteins that interact. The TB DNA was isolated from a PCR colony to be used as a template for a PCR reaction. An agarose gel was created and used for electrophoresis of the DNA. 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(Alberts, Bruce et al 2000) Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds made during protein biosynthesis, and the linked amino acid chainRead MoreEssay on Water in the Biochemical Process1654 Words   |  7 PagesWater is a vital part for the function of organisms, as it is involved in the â€Å"energetics† of molecular interactions and conformational adaption of macromolecules in animal and plant cells, due to its structure, flexibility and several unique properties (Rand, 2004). In an organism’s cell, various types of water are present. They are known as bound, hydration, vicinal and bulk water. 95% of watery body fluid is composed of bulk water, since they function as â€Å"space filling medium†, which supports

Writing a Winning Statement of Purpose Free Essays

Steps to Success: Writing a Winning Statement of Purpose For students in the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Steps to Success Personal Statement (PS) vs. Statement of Purpose (SP) Steps to Success Personal Statement (PS) One way to think about PS is that, in general, undergraduate programs are interested in you as a person and what you may offer to enrich their overall university community. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing a Winning Statement of Purpose or any similar topic only for you Order Now Steps to Success Statement of Purpose (SP) SP describes your â€Å"brain,† the scientist you have become and will grow to be. You are now the scientist and any personal information should be related to your scientific approach and how you will enrich the scientific world. Steps to Success Becoming a Scientist Your Research Is Your Purpose Avoid Childhood Kindergarten-High School â€Å"The big questions — how to control a cell’s function, how to interfere with a cell becoming a cancer, how to stop heart disease — are still out there to be answered. The key is bringing fresh ideas along with new tools and technologies to the same old problems. † —Mike Teitell, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Steps to Success Who Reads Your Application? Each department has its own review process. Science Faculty: Your future community. â€Å"When you recognize your interdependence and changing nature, you no longer see yourself as separate from another person, and this is the foundation for building stronger communities. † —Susan Smalley, Neuropsychiatric Institute Steps to Success Who Should Proofread Your Application? †¢ Advisors and Professors †¢ Faculty letter writers †¢ People from different disciplines †¢ Each other: The stronger they are, the stronger you are. Steps to Success â€Å"Nanotechnology is in our watches, cars, hospitals and it shuffles information around. But it’s also about therapies and new ideas — the next big thing that’s going to change the world in 20 years. † —Jim Gimzewski, Chemistry and Biochemistry WRITING STRATEGIES Trust Yourself Dream Celebrate your work in your SP! This the fun part. Steps to Success Imagine †¢ †¢ †¢ The â€Å"Wow† Factor Did an article or book inspire you? Read the faculty’s research, then contact them. An artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy. (NASA/MAXIM) Andrea Ghez, Astronomer, answered one of astronomy’s more important question by reporting that a monstrous black hole resides at the center of the Milky Way galaxy. Steps to Success Be Free Free Write Do not expect your first SP draft to be perfect. Keep writing, put it away for a few days, and edit later. Be Forgiving Steps to Success Tooting Your Own Horn Now you decide not to tell anyone? Steps to Success Format / Content †¢ You must think of yourself as a scientist. †¢ Every paragraph should somehow be related to your research area, interest, experience, and future. Steps to Success Metaphors/Themes to Link Ideas †¢ Let images that flow throughout your SP. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Steps to Success†¦ The chemical structure of water†¦ Themes Linked Images All should be related to your interests and research Steps to Success Personal Information †¢ Personal information should be minimized, if not eliminated, if not relevant to research. †¢ Do not compare the content of your SP with friends applying to social sciences, humanities, law, medicine and health related programs. Steps to Success Extenuating Circumstances â€Å"Extenuating circumstances that may have resulted in less than ideal academic credentials for graduate school. † Dr. Liza Cariaga-Lo, Assistant Dean, Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences http://career. berkeley. edu/Article/041112b-so. stm Keep this Brief Steps to Success Spin ~ Spin ~ Spin †¢ Make what is negative positive. Steps to Success What to Include Weak vs. Strong Steps to Success Avoid Excuses I had to work two jobs to support my family because my father was injured. My grades suffered. NOTE: Someone always has a more painful story. Steps to Success Better but†¦ I maintained a B+ average while working in Dr. Sprout’s botany laboratory despite having to work forty hours a week as a waitress to support my family. Steps to Success Yawn Effect I love science. I love to study it, to breath it, to be it. Science is the foundation for all that we are. I have worked long hours pursuing my goal to become a Ph. D. NOTE: Don’t tell me you are passionate and a hard worker, show me how you are and what you did. Steps to Success Content †¢ What is the purpose of your graduate study? †¢ Specialized areas of interest? Who did you work with, what did you do: internships, projects, employment, research and publications? †¢ What skills do you have: using, testing, designing or researching equipment? †¢ Future goals? †¢ Tailor to Dept: What makes you uniquely suited for this particular department, this specific institution? Steps to Success Include Future Faculty Fields Including faculty with whom you want to work, this shows you have done your homework. †¢ Contact faculty before you apply to build a relationship. †¢ Mention a few fields/areas that you are interested in. †¢ Write specifically for a department: you do not want an overly a general statement. Steps to Success Strategy: Summarize Pos ter Abstracts One paragraph per abstract †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Explain why your work is important – set the context and preempt the question â€Å"So what? † Describe the objective(s) of your work. What are you adding to current knowledge? Briefly explain the methods. This should not be a major focus of your abstract. Succinctly state results, conclusions, and recommendations. This is what most people want to know. Do not say â€Å"We present the results of our study and recommendations for action† – tell them what you found and recommend! †¢ http://www. ncsu. edu/project/posters/NewSite/EffectiveAbstract. html Steps to Success Follow the Rules †¢ Fill out forms completely before giving them to your professors, provide them with stamped envelope. †¢ Do not exceed the word limit. †¢ Single space is fine. †¢ 2 pages should be your target length. Steps to Success What happens when†¦ Rushed Tired Trying to Impress Please Don’t Hurt Your Thesaurus Steps to Success What you can do to a cloud†¦ The (potentially dreaded) Prepositional Phrase: PASSIVE VOICE †¢ Around the cloud †¢ About the cloud †¢ Of the cloud †¢ Of †¢ Of †¢ Of Steps to Success The â€Å"I† Factor Do not over use â€Å"I†: we already know it is your SoP. Steps to Success Yadda, Yadda, Yadda †¢ Platitudes Cliches I want to cure cancer. Knowledge is power. †¢ Quotes Passages Social sciences and humanities applicants overuse this strategy (i. e. , passages from Shakespeare and the Bible). †¢ Contractions Avoid in informal writing: don’t, can’t, won’t †¢ Colloquialisms Email Speak The kids in my family. Like, you know†¦. LOL. Steps to Success Do Not Assume Knowledge of (all things) Acronyms Always spell out the first reference University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) NYU, NB, CSU, FBI, NASA, DOD, NSF, NIH, ASAP Steps to Success Help Each Other Each One, Reach One, Teach One! UCLA School of Education Steps to Success UNLOCK: Writer’s Block †¢ Pretend you are writing about a friend. †¢ Email your SP to a friend. †¢ Ask a friend to give you an artificial time limit. Steps to Success Auditory Assistance READ OUT LOUD Start with your last sentence then proceed to the beginning of your SP. You will often hear your errors. Try not to stop while you are reading, jot down notes, and make corrections later. Be patient: This is difficult, but useful tool. Steps to Success Print, Edit, Recycle, Repeat †¢ Always print out your essay. †¢ Double space. †¢ Edit your SP with pen in hand. Steps to Success BE NICE TO YOUR FACULTY †¢ Please, please, do not present faculty with messy and incomplete drafts. †¢ Present a package that reflects you: The Professional. Professors of excellence – Arnold Scheibel, Susan McClary, Ivan Szelenyi, Kris Gutierrez and Utpal Banerjee. Steps to Success The First Final Words Each university, department, program and person is different. Ultimately, you have to decide. Steps to Success Research Websites Great UC Search Engines †¢ UC Irvine’s Summer Research (go to â€Å"off-campus†) http://urop. uci. edu †¢ UC Experts by Campus http://www. universityofcalifornia. edu/news/spanishexperts/subjects/agr iculture. html †¢ UCLA Faculty Research http://www. research. ucla. edu/faculty/ †¢ UCLA Research Centers http://www. research. ucla. edu/labs/index. htm Steps to Success †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Continuing the Journey http://www. ucop. edu/journey UCLA Career Center http://career. ucla. edu UC Berkeley Career Center http://career. berkeley. du UC Davis Career Center http://icc. ucdavis. edu/ General Grad School Information (lists areas of study) www. gradschools. com Interactive Grad School Information http://www. phds. org CSU San Marcos (detailed article) http://www. csusm. edu/CATSS/gradschool_info. htm Project 1000 (assists w/ applicatio n GRE waivers) http://mati. eas. asu. edu:8421/p1000/ UCSC Online Personality Assessments http://www2. ucsc. edu/careers/student/careerplan. html Helpful Websites Steps to Success Generous thanks to†¦ National Science Foundation’s Alliances for Graduate Education and the Professoriate (AGEP) Pictures from http://www. agazine. ucla. edu UCLA Marching Band. Photo by Clint Karlsen. http://www. oct-net. ne. jp/~postpet/dog/Barbell. html http://www. ee. ucla. edu/~roh/photos. html http://www. mvnu. edu/academics/natsocsci/chemistry/Boyer. html http://arjournals. annualreviews. org/doi/abs/10. 1146/annurev. biochem. 6 6. 1. 717 http://www. infed. org/images/illustrations/artists_models. jpg http://archives. colum. edu/portfolio/albums/jordanastevian/aah. jpg www. google. com Steps to Success Thanks You Are Our Future Scholars, Researchers, Scientists Created by Dr. Barbara K. Ige, July 2007 Steps to Success How to cite Writing a Winning Statement of Purpose, Essay examples

Management Accounting of Amcor Ltd Samples for Students †MyAssignment

Question: Discuss about the Management Accounting of Amcor Limited. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of the assignment is to analyze a case study on Amcor Limited as the company deals in packaging materials. Amcor Limited is one of the leaders in multinational packaging company that is headquartered in Australia as well as listed in Australian Stock Exchange (Amcor.com. 2017). The company offers packaging solutions through use of flexible and rigid plastics packaging with getting highest quality. Rigid Plastics and Flexibles are the significant packaging broad lines. In addition, the company even manufacturers PET bottles and hard plastic containers. This company is a global packaging leader where the company aims at attaining social responsibility as well as conducting long-term strategy in an effective way. The study highlights the operational aspects of Amcor Limited and its connection with the case study for the company where they had been allegated for several reasons. This study explains the balanced scorecard approach that has four main dimensions from the pe rspective of customer, financial, internal and learning growth. The other approach that was used in the current study is strategy map approach that is an extension of balanced scorecard approach presented in a diagrammatic format (Simons 2013). Case study on Amcor Limited This particular case analysis has been taken from The Sydney Morning Herald where the title of the case is No compensation for Amcor in court case (Butler 2017). The case was related to employment issues that was prevailing in the company named as Amcor Limited. The company receives no compensation as they were caught for breach of duty by the Senior Executives. Here, the Senior Executives of Amcor Limited were accused that they had secretly purchased tow business that mainly belongs to the packaging giant. For this case, it is declared by the Victorian Supreme Court that the company fails to reveal the case as they were caught with the breach of duty performed by the executives as it involve cardboard box. This had eventually damaged the working of Amcor Limited. Trevor Barnes and Craig Holihan , the two Executives of Amcor Limited was accused for the reason as they paid the packaging company half of the profits that was reaped from one of the trade. Proper judgment and evaluation h as been conducted that made it clear that an end long-running litigation had been evolved where the Executives of Amcor Limited involved in running up legal bills where the financial estimations is more than millions of dollars. In addition, Mr. Hodgson had sued Amcor Limited where Executives looks after the company that makes the purchase of two businesses from the knocked down prices from the year 2000. It is important to consider the fact that Executives of Amcor Limited were accused that the company were hiding the interests as it manifested with incompatibility and lack employee relationship in a given serious dimension. Therefore, it was taken into account that the Executives of Amcor Limited was found using the improper information that is generated from the employees of Amcor Limited and the case will again return to court on April 2016 for a directions hearing (Rothaermel 2015). Long-term objectives, key stakeholders and competitors of Amcor Limited Long-term goals or objectives of Amcor Limited Amcor Limited is the leader in the packaging manufacturing sector and need further improvement so that the company can retain its position in the long-run. To retain the position, Amcor Limited had served the major key areas where they aim at achieving the long-term goal as well as objectives so that employees can work in a sustainable workplace. The five main long-term objectives or goals for Amcor Limited are as follows: The first key areas in the long-term objectives that need to be attained by Amcor Limited are Environment where they implement proper environmental management systems and enhancing over the environmental performance. In that case, the company aims at setting proper regulatory measures that will work together over EnviroAction targets (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2014). The second key areas in the long-term objectives that need to be attained by Amcor Limited are Community where they aim at conducting open and constructive dialogue in and against local community. In that case, the company mainly aims at supporting the local community projects and utilizing packaging expertise that identifies the social and environmental requirements (Eden and Ackermann 2013). The third key areas in the long-term objectives that need to be attained by Amcor Limited are Workplace where they work together for maintaining safe workplace and understanding the need of co-workers. The company works together for maintaining diverse workplace as well as rendering equal opportunity to all the co-workers. The forth key areas in the long-term objectives that need to be attained by Amcor Limited are marketplace where the company aims at utilizing life cycle assessment capabilities as it provides customer responsible packaging and supports sustainability objectives of the clientele. In that case, the company aims at promoting the role and benefits of responsible packaging. The fifth key areas in the long-term objectives that need to be attained by Amcor Limited are economy were the company works together for demonstrating good governance, sensible risk taking and business continuity management at the same time. Identification of key stakeholders of Amcor Limited Key Stakeholders of Amcor Limited Investors Co-workers Industry Bodies and government Media Suppliers Customers Supplies of capital Competitors of Amcor Limited Competitors of Amcor Limited Georgia-Pacific LLC Silgan Holdings Inc Balanced Scorecard of Amcor Limited Perspectives Objectives Performance Measures Initiatives Lag Lead Financial Perspective Enhanced value of shareholders Revenue Growth Sales Mix Expansion in the diversified product business units in both activities such as packaging and materials Low-cost operation Production process cost Production and operation expenses Use of new techniques and materials for attainment of production optimization Driving growth in the emerging market Market Diversification Growth in sales Expansion in the market in countries like Brazil and South Africa. Customer Perspective Expansion in the customer base Market Share Number of new customers Differentiated range of products Positive impact on the community and society Environmental collision of packaging Number of sustainable packaged produced Responsible packaging Industry leading customer loyalty Customer Retention Number of retained customers and on-time delivery rate Market Leadership by acquiring expertise and rigid plastics packaging (Barney and Hesterly 2015) Internal Business Perspective Customer Intimacy strategy Previous packaging products Customer support systems High standard and quality management within the stipulated time Operational Excellence Strategy Improved speed in the market Customer interaction Supply chain optimization Product Leadership Strategy Innovation and new product development CRM (customer relationship management) systems Decreased in the operational cost and cycle time Learning and Growth Perspective Organization capital Culture Leadership Alignment as well as teamwork Information capital Systems Databases Networks Human capital Skills Training Knowledge Critical analysis on how to use balanced scorecard and strategy map that will help Senior Management of Amcor Limited It is argued in the study that use of balanced scorecard and strategy map will provide guidance to the Senior Management Team of Amcor Limited so that they can easily monitor or look at the corporate and divisional level of performance. This will directly help in motivating the staff members of Amcor Limited as balanced scorecard and strategy map are significant tools for sustainability improvement in the most appropriate way (Bettis et al. 2014). Conclusion From the above analysis, proper explanation is given on the background of the company named as Amcor Limited. The information is extracted from the annual report of Amcor Limited and news article take from The Sydney Morning Herald. The study presents the approach such as balanced scorecard and strategy map in a diagrammatic approach that clearly defines the lag indicators and lead indicators. References Amcor.com. 2017.Amcor - Home. [online] Available at: https://www.amcor.com [Accessed 18 May 2017]. Barney, J.B. and Hesterly, W., 2015.Strategic management and competitive advantage concepts and cases. Pearson. Bettis, R., Gambardella, A., Helfat, C. and Mitchell, W., 2014. Quantitative empirical analysis in strategic management.Strategic Management Journal,35(7), pp.949-953. Butler, B. 2017.No compensation for Amcor in court case. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/no-compensation-for-amcor-in-court-case-20120320-1vgv4.html [Accessed 18 May 2017]. Eden, C. and Ackermann, F., 2013.Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Simons, R., 2013.Performance Measurement and Control Systems for Implementing Strategy Text and Cases: Pearson New International Edition. Pearson Higher Ed.